[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-ekonomie-aneb-jak-se-v-ni-vyznat\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-ekonomie-aneb-jak-se-v-ni-vyznat\/","headline":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy Ekonomie aneb jak se v n\u00ed vyznat","name":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy Ekonomie aneb jak se v n\u00ed vyznat","description":"\u00a0Ekonomie je v\u011bdn\u00ed discipl\u00edna kde\u017eto ekonomika je shrnut\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho objektu (nap\u0159\u00edklad podnik, st\u00e1t) zjednodu\u0161en\u011b je to tedy ekonomie v praxi Ur\u010dit\u011b bychom se nikam nehnuli bez v\u00fdroby. Tu tvo\u0159\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed faktory. Prvn\u00edm je pr\u00e1ce, \u010d\u00edm\u017e je my\u0161leno zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, tedy lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost odm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 mzdou. Dal\u0161\u00ed polo\u017ekou je p\u016fda. Mysl\u00ed se t\u00edm jak\u00e1koliv plocha vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jak...","datePublished":"2026-05-04","dateModified":"2026-05-04","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c065076eb86551fdb70725c8063acf1b60a8edaed14ed654228c4cba13121c83?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c065076eb86551fdb70725c8063acf1b60a8edaed14ed654228c4cba13121c83?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ekologicke.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a332853_w2714_t1545943862.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a332853_w2714_t1545943862.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-ekonomie-aneb-jak-se-v-ni-vyznat\/","wordCount":453,"articleBody":"\t\t\u00a0Ekonomie je v\u011bdn\u00ed discipl\u00edna kde\u017eto ekonomika je shrnut\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho objektu (nap\u0159\u00edklad podnik, st\u00e1t) zjednodu\u0161en\u011b je to tedy ekonomie v praxi\t\tUr\u010dit\u011b bychom se nikam nehnuli bez v\u00fdroby. Tu tvo\u0159\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed faktory. Prvn\u00edm je pr\u00e1ce, \u010d\u00edm\u017e je my\u0161leno zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, tedy lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost odm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 mzdou. Dal\u0161\u00ed polo\u017ekou je p\u016fda. Mysl\u00ed se t\u00edm jak\u00e1koliv plocha vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jak k zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, tak i pozemky ur\u010den\u00e9 k stavb\u011b. Posledn\u00edm bodem je kapit\u00e1l, co\u017e je soubor statk\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad zbo\u017e\u00ed, slu\u017eby a podobn\u011b). Tento soubor neslou\u017e\u00ed k spot\u0159eb\u011b n\u00fdbr\u017e k dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrob\u011b.\t\tVelkou nezn\u00e1mou je tr\u017e\u00ed mechanismus a trh obecn\u011b. Tam se v\u0161e \u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle k\u0159ivky nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky. Nab\u00eddka ud\u00e1v\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdrobku, nab\u00edzen\u00e9 z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi a popt\u00e1vka naopak p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed stav se vyzna\u010duje jako kdy\u017e se ob\u011b polo\u017eky setkaj\u00ed a prodejce m\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed po\u017eaduje, co\u017e neb\u00fdv\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Podle k\u0159ivky se odv\u00edj\u00ed cena v\u00fdrobku\t\tInflace. V\u0161ichni se toho boj\u00ed, v\u0161ichni o tom mluv\u00ed, co to vlastn\u011b je? Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b je to navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ceny. Opakem je p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed deflace, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed cen. Meziro\u010dn\u00ed inflace k \u0159\u00edjnu roku 2018 jsou 2%\t\tInflace se d\u011bl\u00ed na m\u00edrnou (do 10% kdy v\u00fdrazn\u011b nenaru\u0161uje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomiky), p\u00e1divou (zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady) a hyper ( z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my)\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jak\u00e9 jsou ekonomick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my? Jsou \u010dty\u0159i jednoduch\u00e9 kategorie. Prvn\u00ed je zvykov\u00e1. Jedn\u00e1 se nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz na z\u00e1klad\u011b zvyk\u016f a tradic\u00edch. Tento \u0161upl\u00edk je u\u017e d\u00e1vno opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd a nalezneme ho jen u n\u011bkter\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dou se projevuje centr\u00e1ln\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00e1. V t\u00e9to p\u0159ihr\u00e1dce se nach\u00e1zela i \u010cesk\u00e1 republika za doby socialismu. Tr\u017en\u00ed je koordinovan\u00e1 pouze prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm trhu, bez z\u00e1sahu st\u00e1tu. A nakonec tu m\u00e1me sm\u00ed\u0161enou, kde se na\u0161e republika pr\u00e1v\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed. Je to podoba tr\u017en\u00ed ekonomiky se z\u00e1sahy st\u00e1tuPojm\u016f je spoustu, je to p\u0159eci jen cel\u00e1 v\u011bda. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nejsem ekonom, tak\u017ee se v nich nemus\u00edm hloub\u011bji vrtat. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b je to ur\u010dit\u011b v\u011bdn\u00ed discipl\u00edna, kter\u00e1 se n\u00e1s v\u0161ech a\u0165 v\u00edce, \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b dot\u00fdk\u00e1 a stoj\u00ed za to se v tom trochu vyznat.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy Ekonomie aneb jak se v n\u00ed vyznat","item":"https:\/\/www.ekologicke.cz\/zakladni-pojmy-ekonomie-aneb-jak-se-v-ni-vyznat\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]